80/20 rule: learn any language with the Pareto principle principle|||||||concept regra||||||princípio de Pare|princípio ||||||帕累托| Regel||||||| ||||||принцип Парето| ||||||パレート| ||||||principio de Pareto| 80/20-Regel: Lernen Sie jede Sprache nach dem Pareto-Prinzip Regla 80/20: aprenda cualquier idioma con el principio de Pareto 80/20 법칙: 파레토 원리로 모든 언어 배우기 Zasada 80/20: naucz się dowolnego języka z zasadą Pareto Regra 80/20: aprender qualquer língua com o princípio de Pareto 80/20 规则：用帕累托原则学习任何语言

Hi, today I want to talk about the Pareto principle, or the 80 20 principle, and ||||||||||||princip 80 20| ||||||||Pareto-Prinzip||||| |||||discuss|||Pareto principle|principle|also known as|the|principle| ||||||||Pareto|||||

how it applies to language learning. ||relates|||acquisition of knowledge

We often hear it said that a small number of words, 500, 1000, ||hear it said||||||||

account for 70 80 percent of the vocabulary in any given language. account for||||||||| verantwoordelijk voor||||||||| ||||||に|任意の||言語 conta por|||||||||

And therefore people suggest that if we focus in on these high frequency |proto||navrhují||||||||| |thus||||||||||| ||||||||||||częstotliwości

words that we will be able to short circuit our language learning. ||||||tot||||| ||||||||circuito curto||| ||||||||短路||| ||||||||umgehen||| |||||||kısa devre|kısa devre||| ||||||||circuito corto||| ||||||||обійти||| ||||||||zkrátit||| |||||||短縮する|||| ||||||||obchodzić|||

So that's what I'm going to get into.

First let's look at the Pareto principle, where it came from. |||||Pareto principle||||| |||||パレート||||| |||||Pareto|principio||||

So Pareto, Vilfredo Pareto was a professor of economics at the University of Lausanne |Pareto principle||||||||||||University of Lausanne ||Vilfredo||||||||||| ||Vilfredo Pareto|||||||||||Lausana ||維爾弗雷||||||||||| ||Vilfredo||||||||||| ||ヴィルフレド|||||||||||ローザンヌ |Pareto|Vilfredo Pareto|Pareto||||||||||Lausana

in Switzerland back in the early 1900s. |ve Švýcarsku||||| |Switzerland||||| |スイス||||| |Suiza||||| |Szwajcaria|||||

And he discovered that in Italy, 80 percent of the land was owned ||zjistil||||||||| ||发现|||意大利|||||| |||||||||||possessed |||||||||||所有されていた |||||||||||era propiedad

by 20 percent of the people.

He then noticed that the same was true in other countries. ||si všiml|||||||| on||||||||||

And of course, inequality of wealth, inequality of incomes is a factor of |||wealth inequality||wealth inequality|||earnings|||| |||Ungleichheit||||||||| ||||||||redditi|||| ||||||不平等|||||| |||nierówność||majątek|||dochody|||czynnik| |||nerovnost||majetku|||příjmů|||faktor| |||不平等|||||所得|||| |||desigualdad||riqueza|desigualdad||ingresos|||| Y por supuesto, la desigualdad de riqueza, la desigualdad de ingresos es un factor de

life today, and I'll show you these two maps, one for income distribution, |||||||||||income distribution|income distribution ||||||||Karten|||| ||||||||||||rozdziału doch |||||||||||příjmová distribuce|rozložení příjmů 生活||そして||||||地図||||分配 |||||||||||ingresos|distribución de ingresos

which is a little different from the maps of wealth distribution, but |||||||||bohatství|| ||||||||||distribución de riqueza| |||||||||wealth distribution|| |||||||地図|||| |||||||mapy||||

in all countries, when it comes to wealth, 20 percent of the population |||||||bohatství|||| |||wenn||geht||Vermögen|||| |||||||wealth distribution|||| |||||||riqueza|||| |||||||bogactwo||||

controls between 60 to 80 or more percent of the wealth in that country. ||||||||majetku||| ||||||||riqueza|||

So that's.

Still is the case today.

However, the Pareto principle and this 80 20 rule has become more important Nicméně|||||||||| ||||||Regel|||| ||Pareto||||||||

or more people pay attention to it today as a means to address problems ||||||||||method||solve|

in production and quality control. |||品質|

And that's because of a professor Juran immigrant from Romania, who in the ||||||Juran an|immigrant from Romania||||| ||||||Juran|||||| ||||||Juran|||||| ||||||朱蘭|||||| ||||||Juran|||||| ||||||Juran|||||| |||||||||Rumunska||| ||||||Juran||||||

United States, States started using this 80 20 principle to address engineering |||||||||inženýrství ||||||||solve| ||||||||affrontare| ||||||||abordar| |||||||||工学

issues and quality control issues. ||||issues problemy||||

And he talked about the most useful 20%, but then also accepted the fact ||||||||||přijal||

that the remaining 80 percent were still important or at least helpful. ||zbývajících||||||||užitečné ||remaining||||||||useful |||||||||almeno|utili ||pozostałe||||||przynajmniej||

And that again, has application to language learning in terms of how we ||||aplikace|||||||| ||||relevance|||||||| |||heeft|||||||||

deal with high frequency words and the very important low frequency words.

But insofar as the 80 20 principle, we've seen it applied |to the extent||||||| |na medida em que||||||| |nella misura in cui|||principio 80-20|||| |在于||||||| |en la medida||||||| |наскільки||||||| |pokud jde o||||||| |に関して|||||||適用される |w zakresie|||||||

in so many different situations.

A small percentage of criminals. ||malé procento|| ||小部分|| ||||犯罪者 ||||criminales

Commit most of the crime, a small percentage of the population are Zavázat se||||zločinu||||||| commit||||||||||| ||||犯罪||||||| popełniają|||||||||||

occupying most of the hospital beds. taking up||||| ocupando||||| belegen||||| zajmując||||szpitala| zabírající||||| 占有している||||病院| ocupando|||||

In computing, it was said that if you can fix the 20 percent most serious |výpočetní technice||||||||||||nejzávažnější |コンピュータ科学|||||||||||| |informatyka|||||||||||| |informatica||||||||||||

bugs in a piece of software, You'll have dealt with most of the problems. issues||||||||addressed||||| ||||||||lidado com||||| bug||||||||affrontato||||| ||||||||处理过||||| chyby||||||||vyřešil||||| バグ|||||||||||||

Conversely, it said that 80 percent of the code can be Naopak||||||||| On the other hand||||||||| Al contrario||||||||| por el contrario||||||||| por outro lado|||||||||

written in 20 percent of the time. written|||||

But the corollary to that is you spend 80 percent of your time trying ||result|||||||||| ||corolário|||||||||| ||conseguenza|||||||||| ||结果|||||||||| ||висновок|||||||||| ||důsledek|||||||||| ||結果||||||||||

to finalize that 20 percent of the code that has to be written. |最終決定する|||||||||| |finalizar|||||||||| |finalizzare||||||||||

And so this again has application for language learning, where we will

end up spending most of our time dealing with low frequency language. koniec|||||||||||

Words, even though the high frequency words account for the bulk of the ||||||||||většinu|| ||||||||||大部分|| ||although|||||contribute|||majority||

content of any particular context. |||konkrétní|

Let's move on then to how I use the 80 20 rule in my own language learning.

And I'm going to refer to my Turkish, but I think it applies to all languages. ||||提到|||||||||||

So first of all, let's deal with the idea of vocabulary. |||||abordemos|||||

So the most frequent 500 words, 1000 words account for 70, 80%. ||||||oranı|

Of any given context. |任意の||

What can we draw from that? |||conclude|| Wat||||| |||tirar conclusões|| |||dedurre|| |||得出|| |||vyvodit|| |||引き出す|| |||concluir||

What I draw from that is I needn't make any special effort to focus in |||||||nemusím||||||soustředit se| |||||||do not have to||||||| Wat|||||||||||||| |||||||não preciso||||||| Lo que deduzco de ello es que no necesito hacer ningún esfuerzo especial para concentrarme en

on those high frequency words, because they're going to show up anyway. |||||||||||tak či onak |||||||||||de todos modos

I know that down the road, I'm going to have to focus and spend a lot of time on |||将来的に|||||||||||||||

learning the Less frequent words, the high frequency words I needn't worry about, ||||||||||nemusím|starat se| |||||その|||||||

they're going to show up and I'm going to gradually get used to them anyway. |přijdou||||||||postupně||||| |||||||||yavaş yavaş|||||

To some extent, the same is true with structures in the language. ||míře||||||||| ||程度上||||||||| ||degree||||||||| ||в певній мірі||||||||| ||stopniu|||||||||

You could Google and look at, the application of Pareto principle or |můžeš|||||||||| |||||||||principio de Pareto||

80 20 rule to language learning.

You can Google the most frequent errors or difficulties that people have in Spanish, |||||nejčastější|chyby|||||||

English, Chinese And you can say, okay, I'm going to look at examples of other

people who focus in on the main problems that they experience with the language.

But here again, my experience is basically in the Slavic languages. ||||||v podstatě|||| |||||||||斯拉夫语|

I know it's cases it's aspects of verbs of motion that caused |||||aspekty||||pohybu||způsobily |||||||||hareket|| |||||||||||引き起こした

me difficulty in Turkish.

It's the verbs. ||to jsou slovesa ||to są czasowniki

There's so many different forms of the verbs.

I think verbs are usually there as a major area of difficulty, ||||||||hlavní||| |||||そこに|として|||||

but prepositions, case endings. ||nominative case| ||naamvallen| |介词|| |předložky||pádové koncovky |前置詞||格の語尾 |przyimki||

Pronouns, there's any number of different things that can cause the bulk of the zájmena|||||||||způsobit||většinu|| |||||||||||大部分|| |||||||||||majority|| |||||||||||większość|| |||||||||||la mayor parte||

problems that we encounter in grammar. |||se setkáváme|| |||begegnen|| |||napotykamy|| |||encontramos||

But again, my experience has been that I will eventually come across |||||||||nakonec|| |||||||||sonunda|karşılaşacağım| ||||||||||encontrar|encontrar com

those in all kinds of different contexts and gradually get used to ||||||kontextech||postupně|||

them so that focusing in on those specifically may be of limited benefit. ||||||||||||yarar

However, 20 rule in my language learning is to tell myself, how Nicméně|||||||||| |rule one|||||||||

am I going to spend my time?

I have spoken before of what I would call big picture learning. ||||||||呼ぶ|||

Input learning, consuming a lot of the language, top down learning. Vstup (1)||konzumování|||||||| ||absorbing|||||||| ||||||||top-down|| ||||||||トップダウン||

And then there is this bits and pieces focusing in on, it might be |||||kousky|||||||| |||||bits||||||||

the case endings in Slavic languages. ||pádové koncovky||| ||desinencias del caso|||

It might be verb endings in Romance languages or pronouns in ||||koncovky|||||zájmena|

Italian or whatever it might be. ||nebo tak něco|||

It's not that I don't do that.

I do some of that.

I do look up grammar explanations online or in a book. |||||vysvětlení gramatiky||||| ||gerçekten|||||||| ||||grammatica||||||

I have my lessons with my tutor. ||||||učitelem ||||||teacher

So I do spend time on the nuts and bolts. |||||||details||details |||||||vida||vida ve somunlar |||||||parti fondamentali||dettagli pratici |||||||detalles técnicos||detalles prácticos |||||||os detalhes||os detalhes

But 80 percent of my time is spent absorbing the |||||||vstřebáváním| |||||||öğrenmekle| |||||è||| |||||||absorvendo| |||||||吸収する|

language and acquiring words. ||osvojování| ||nabywanie|

And the reason for that is that if I have a lot of words, then I can

access more interesting content. |||obsah ||engaging|

I can actually understand some of the examples of structures in the language. ||ve skutečnosti|||||||struktury|||

So that as I go forward in the language, what's holding me back Is lack of |||||vpřed|||||brání||||nedostatek| ||||||||||||||insufficient knowledge| |||||進むにつれて|||||妨げている|||||

words and the words, which includes a lot of low frequency words, they are |||||obsahuje||||||||

acquired through the 80 percent big picture, top down input based learning. získané||||||||vstup|| |by means of||||||||| ||||||上位の||||

So it's not that I don't do any sort of bits and pieces learning. Therefore||negation|||||any sort of|type|of|small tasks||small tasks|informal studying ||||||||||fragmenty|||

I do some, but I try to limit the amount of time. |||however||attempt||restrict||||

I spend on that, for example, with my Turkish learning. |||||||||studies

So I started back in 2018. |||to work| |ik|begon||

You can see from this graph that in an initial period, I |||||grafu||||počáteční||

spent a lot of time listening.

You can see my statistics from my playlist that I've listened to the mini stories.

In fact, initially I spent most of my time with the mini stories to get a sense of ||nejprve|||||||||||||||

the language, to get some words in me.

to get a toehold in the language, listening 30, 40 times to the same |||beginner's grasp|||||||| |||ponto de apoio|||||||| |||Fußfassung|||||||| |||punto d'appoggio|||||||| |||перше знайомство|||||||| |||základní pozice|||||||| |||punto de apoyo||||||||

mini story, not at the same time, but eventually, because I go back ||||||||nakonec||||

to them and I go back to them.

And so that was in a way, big picture learning because そして||||||||||

the language was new to me.

So I was just bombarding my brain with the language, occasionally ||||overloading||||||sometimes ||||bombardeando|||||| ||||轟炸|||||| ||||||||||іноді ||||||||||občas ||||言語を浴び||||||

looking at explanations.

Of course, I bought grammar books, but that was five years ago.

Now, when I started up again in preparation for my trip to Turkey, |||||||準備|||||

I'm saying, I've got to dramatically increase my vocabulary because I want ||||||zvýšit|||||

to be dealing with things of interest. ||handling||||

And so that my major emphasis for the last little while has ||||hlavní|důraz|||||| ||||main||||past few||| |||mijn|||||||| |||||||その||||

been on increasing my vocabulary. ||zvyšování||

And yet, when I talked to my tutor, I realized how much difficulty I have |||||||učitelka||uvědomil jsem si|||||

in some of the most basic patterns in the language, how much difficulty ||||||vzorcích|||||| ||||||structures||||||

I have in producing, verb forms. |||produkování||

As I'm now a month away from going to Turkey, I've decided to spend a little |||||||||Turecko||||||

more time on the bits and pieces. ||||||細かい部分

And I do that by going back into my mini stories, where there's a lot of

focus on verbs, high frequency verbs.

And so when I go to them now again, I'm discovering things, noticing ||||||||||objevuji||všímám si

things that I didn't notice before. ||||všimnout|

Because after a while, if we're listening to the same thing over and over |||||||||||||znovu ponieważ|||||||||||||

again, We are noticing less and less. ||||||méně |||notiamo|||

So after an absence, then I go back. |||absence|||| |||absence|||| |||відсутності|||| |||ausência||||

Another thing to remember is, even if back five years ago, I thought I had learned ||||||||||||myslel|||

something, or thought I could remember a verb, or a word, or a verb form, ||myslel||||||||||||

chances are, I can't remember it now. as probabilidades||||||

So we have to be aware of the fact that whatever we do, It's a little bit elusive. |||||cognizant||||||||||||difficult to grasp |||||||||||||het is|het||| |||||||||||||||||esquiva |||||||||||||||||непостійне |||||vědomi|||||cokoli|||||||neuchopitelné |||||||||||||それは|それ||少し|つかみどころ |||||||||||||||||elusivo

We won't necessarily be able to grab it and hold onto it. ||||||take|||keep|to it| ||||||pegar|||segurar|agarrá-lo| ||||||prendere||||| ||koniecznie||||||||| ||nutně||||uchopit||||| |||||||||保持する|| ||||||agarrar|||||

And so therefore I think it's very important. ||proto||||| ||consequently|||||

And I always make sure that I mix the big picture with the bits and pieces. ||||||||||||||small| |||||||||大きな||||||

So even now, when I say I'm going to spend more time with my mini stories,

it's still a small amount of time because by the time I'm on my third mini story, |||||||||the|when||||||

my brain isn't paying much attention. |||věnuje||pozornost

So when I switch back to my history of the Turks or the novel Havanen itch. |||return|||||||||||Havanen novel|itch ||||||||||||||Havanen roman| |||||回到|||||||||哈瓦那| ||||||||||||||Havanen| |||torno|||||||||||Havanen|prurito |||přepnu|||||||||||| ||||||||||トルコ人||||| ||||||||||||||Havanen|

Cause even though I don't understand it all that well, I'm more motivated. Důvod|||||||||||| |||||||||あまり|||

I'm more, I'm hanging onto the words and then I can go through them in LingQ. |||holding|||||||||||| |||つかまっている||||||||||||

Another thing that's useful, I find, again, varying that big picture další|||užitečné||||různě||| |||||||変化させる||| |||||||змінюючи|||

with the bits and pieces is to do, the sentence review where I ||||||||||recenze(1)||

have to reassemble the sentence. ||put together|| ||重新組合|| ||neu zusammensetzen|| ||riassemblare|| ||перебудувати|| ||znovu sestavit|| ||再構成する|| ||reensamblar||

That's particularly good with the mini stories because the |zejména|||||||

mini stories sentences are short.

I have heard them many times and then I can start to put those sentences together.

It's a form of being focused in on how the language works. |||||concentrated|||||| |||||集中した||に||||

How the verbs work, how the genitive works, all these things that I have. ||||||genitiv||||||| ||||||所有格||||||| ||||||possessive case||||||| ||||||属格||||||| ||||||генетив (1)|||||||

So I try to maintain a good balance between big picture learning ||||udržovat|||||||

and bits and pieces learning. |bits|||

And perhaps beyond the idea that I want to maintain a balance of 80 whatever |možná|za|||||||udržet||||whatever jednotek

it might be, between big picture and bits and pieces learning, at the same

time, I asked myself, am I enjoying it?

When we start out in a language, we have a high tolerance for |||||||||||寛容さ| |||||||||||терпимість|

relatively repetitive, uninteresting content like the mini stories. relativně|relativně repetitivní|nezajímavý|obsah|||| |重複性高|||||| ||boring|||||

There's a sense of achievement as we understand a little bit ||||úspěchu|||||| ||||accomplishment||||||

more and a little bit more.

We often think we've learned something that we can maybe now use and we discover ||||||||||||||objevujeme

we can't use it because it's somehow back there in the brain somewhere, you ||||||located||||||| ||||||どういうわけか|奥の方|||||| ||||||||||||en algún lugar|

can't bring it out when you need it.

But am I enjoying it?

And when I stop enjoying it, then I move on to more difficult content. ||||||||||||difficile|

And there again, going through in sentence mode, but. |||||||režim vět|

Learning about the Turks, about Central Asia, about the Balkans, |||||||||バルカン半 |||||||||los Balcanes

about Anatolia, about whatever it might be, or as in the case of this |アナトリア|||||||||||| |Anatolia||||||||||||

Three Daughters of Eve, learning about some of the, social and almost |figlie||Eve (1)|||||||| |||イブ||||||||

psychological issues of modern day Turks. 心理的な|||||

So that's interesting.

So my guide is, am I enjoying what I'm doing? ||průvodce|||||||

And if I'm enjoying what I'm doing, then I keep doing it.

When I now find it Too frustrating to continue in content that has

so many unknown words and that I would be happier or feel more ||neznámých||||||||||

comfortable being in easier content, then I move back to easier content. ||||||||||snazší|

But by and large, I think I try to maintain at least 80 percent of my time |||většinou||||||udržovat||||||

with big picture top down learning, but not neglect the 20%, 10, 15 ||||||||nezanedbat| ||||||||overlook| ||||||||negar|

percent of time that I need to spend on focusing in on the bits and pieces.

So I hope that was helpful.

I've left some links here on the subject to a Wikipedia article on the subject, ||||||||||維基百科|||| he|||||||||un|||||

and I'm curious how all of you use the 80 20 principle in your language learning. ||zvědavý|||||||||||

Bye for now.